[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-financnictvi-ktere-by-kazdy-mel-znat\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-financnictvi-ktere-by-kazdy-mel-znat\/","headline":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy finan\u010dnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bl zn\u00e1t.","name":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy finan\u010dnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bl zn\u00e1t.","description":"Cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry \u2013 v\u00fdznam tohoto slovn\u00edho spojen\u00ed je snadno odhadnuteln\u00fd z n\u011bho samotn\u00e9ho. Jak u\u017e tedy slova napov\u00eddaj\u00ed, ozna\u010duje ur\u010dit\u00fd druh listiny, kter\u00e1 jej\u00edmu vlastn\u00edkovi p\u0159id\u011bluje ur\u010dit\u00fd obnos pen\u011bz \u010di hmotn\u00fdch statk\u016f Akcie \u2013 akcie p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed formu cenn\u00e9ho pap\u00edru. Jedn\u00e1 se o ztvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee majitel je vlastn\u00edkem pod\u00edlu majetku akciov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Jsou s nimi […]","datePublished":"2025-02-25","dateModified":"2023-04-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"mecops.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dc285cbe86eecc8073f119fcb2e2c7032b51533f5bb47611c7d4a598558b8b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dc285cbe86eecc8073f119fcb2e2c7032b51533f5bb47611c7d4a598558b8b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"mecops.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a321566_w2040_t1532807454.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a321566_w2040_t1532807454.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-financnictvi-ktere-by-kazdy-mel-znat\/","about":["Finance"],"wordCount":446,"articleBody":"Cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry \u2013 v\u00fdznam tohoto slovn\u00edho spojen\u00ed je snadno odhadnuteln\u00fd z n\u011bho samotn\u00e9ho. Jak u\u017e tedy slova napov\u00eddaj\u00ed, ozna\u010duje ur\u010dit\u00fd druh listiny, kter\u00e1 jej\u00edmu vlastn\u00edkovi p\u0159id\u011bluje ur\u010dit\u00fd obnos pen\u011bz \u010di hmotn\u00fdch statk\u016f Akcie \u2013 akcie p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed formu cenn\u00e9ho pap\u00edru. Jedn\u00e1 se o ztvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee majitel je vlastn\u00edkem pod\u00edlu majetku akciov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Jsou s nimi spojena i ur\u010dit\u00e9 pravomoci v r\u00e1mci spole\u010dnosti.  Akciov\u00e1 spole\u010dnost \u2013 jedn\u00e1 se o spole\u010dnost, jej\u00ed\u017e kapit\u00e1l p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed akcie Spole\u010dnost s ru\u010den\u00edm omezen\u00fdm \u2013 Spole\u010dnost s ru\u010den\u00edm omezen\u00fdm ozna\u010duje druh podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, zalo\u017een\u00fd op\u011bt na kapit\u00e1lu. Pro zalo\u017een\u00e1 takov\u00e9 firmy sta\u010d\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l a m\u016f\u017ee tak u\u010dinit jak jednotlivec, tak i skupina. Burza \u2013 burza p\u0159edstavuje my\u0161len\u00fd trh, umo\u017e\u0148uje nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed a prod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hmotn\u00fdch statk\u016f i nap\u0159\u00edklad akci\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o jeden z nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f ekonomiky. S burzou pracuj\u00ed investo\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed nakupovat, a tak zvan\u00ed emitenti, kte\u0159\u00ed hraj\u00ed roli prodava\u010d\u016f. M\u011bnov\u00fd kurz \u2013 je z\u00e1sadn\u00edm \u00fadajem pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho obchodu. D\u00edky n\u011bmu m\u016f\u017eete vyj\u00e1d\u0159it stav ekonomiky jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f \u010di dokonce cel\u00fdch m\u011bnov\u00fdch uni\u00ed. Jeho princip je v z\u00e1sad\u011b jednoduch\u00fd, jedn\u00e1 se o vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed jedn\u00e9 m\u011bny pomoc\u00ed m\u011bny jin\u00e9.  Fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed politika \u2013 fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed politika u n\u00e1s prob\u00edh\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vl\u00e1dy a tak\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banky, jedn\u00e1 se o n\u00e1stroj um\u011bl\u00e9ho ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 situace. Dan\u011b \u2013 dan\u00ed je hned n\u011bkolik druh\u016f, jsou dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjmu, nemovitosti, z p\u0159idan\u00e9 hodnoty. Jedn\u00e1 se o ur\u010dit\u00e9 procento z celkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky, kter\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 odv\u00e1d\u011bt st\u00e1tu. Clo \u2013 n\u00e1zev je podobn\u00fd slovu celnice, s n\u00edm\u017e m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 spojen\u00fd v\u00fdznam. M\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o ur\u010ditou formu dan\u011b, kterou vyb\u00edr\u00e1 st\u00e1t v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee doch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159eprav\u011b zbo\u017e\u00ed p\u0159es jeho hranice. Bonita \u2013 bonita p\u0159edstavu \u00fav\u011bruschopnost, mohli bychom j\u00ed ozna\u010dit za p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00fd pojem k riziku spojen\u00e9mu s \u00fav\u011brem. Ud\u00e1v\u00e1 tedy, na kolik je bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 ud\u011blit fyzick\u00e9 \u010di pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osob\u011b \u00fav\u011br. Jednodu\u0161e z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, zda je subjekt schopn\u00fd spr\u00e1vn\u011b hospoda\u0159it, jestli je v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u00fd, zda nem\u00e1 ji\u017e jin\u00e9 \u00fav\u011bry a jak\u00e1 je jeho finan\u010dn\u00ed historie.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4\/5 - (9 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy finan\u010dnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bl zn\u00e1t.","item":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-financnictvi-ktere-by-kazdy-mel-znat\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]