[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zpracovani-dreva-na-vyrobu-papiru\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zpracovani-dreva-na-vyrobu-papiru\/","headline":"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva na v\u00fdrobu pap\u00edru","name":"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva na v\u00fdrobu pap\u00edru","description":"V\u00fdroba pap\u00edru v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b sest\u00e1v\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed je tzv. p\u0159edp\u0159\u00edprava, co\u017e je zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evit\u00e9 hmoty a buni\u010diny do tzv. vl\u00e1kniny (celul\u00f3zy). N\u00e1sleduje tvorba pap\u00edroviny, ze kter\u00e9 se teprve tvo\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00fd pap\u00edr v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tlou\u0161\u0165k\u00e1ch a kvalit\u011b. P\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze v\u00fdroby pap\u00edru \u2013 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed celul\u00f3zy Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00fdroby pap\u00edru je p\u0159\u00edprava celul\u00f3zy, kter\u00e1 […]","datePublished":"2025-02-25","dateModified":"2023-04-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"mecops.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dc285cbe86eecc8073f119fcb2e2c7032b51533f5bb47611c7d4a598558b8b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dc285cbe86eecc8073f119fcb2e2c7032b51533f5bb47611c7d4a598558b8b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"mecops.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309045_w2040_t1520022058.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309045_w2040_t1520022058.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zpracovani-dreva-na-vyrobu-papiru\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":533,"articleBody":"V\u00fdroba pap\u00edru v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b sest\u00e1v\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed je tzv. p\u0159edp\u0159\u00edprava, co\u017e je zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evit\u00e9 hmoty a buni\u010diny do tzv. vl\u00e1kniny (celul\u00f3zy). N\u00e1sleduje tvorba pap\u00edroviny, ze kter\u00e9 se teprve tvo\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00fd pap\u00edr v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tlou\u0161\u0165k\u00e1ch a kvalit\u011b.   P\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze v\u00fdroby pap\u00edru \u2013 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed celul\u00f3zy Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00fdroby pap\u00edru je p\u0159\u00edprava celul\u00f3zy, kter\u00e1 se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 ze t\u0159ech z\u00e1kladn\u00edch zdroj\u016f. Bu\u010f jsou to jednolet\u00e9 rostliny, nap\u0159. juta, bavlna, nebo konop\u00ed, anebo se k tomu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sm\u011bs listnat\u00fdch \u010di jehli\u010dnat\u00fdch d\u0159evin. Pap\u00edrny dnes zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u0159evo ze strom\u016f jehli\u010dnat\u00fdch, tedy borov\u00e9 a smrkov\u00e9 d\u0159evo. Z toho d\u016fvodu se tak\u00e9 v minulosti stav\u011bly pap\u00edrny p\u0159\u00edmo v lokalit\u00e1ch jehli\u010dnat\u00fdch les\u016f (nap\u0159. na \u0160umav\u011b nebo v Krkono\u0161\u00edch). T\u0159et\u00edm zdrojem k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b vl\u00e1kniny \u2013 celul\u00f3zy je star\u00fd pap\u00edr ze sb\u011brny, vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je ov\u0161em pap\u00edrov\u00fd odpad p\u0159\u00edmo z v\u00fdroby, tedy r\u016fzn\u00e9 od\u0159ezky, kter\u00e9 nejsou poti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 a d\u00e1le pr\u016fmyslov\u011b zpracovan\u00e9. Sb\u011br star\u00e9ho pap\u00edru v\u0161ak sv\u016fj v\u00fdznam m\u00e1, stovky tun ro\u010dn\u011b se tak mohou zu\u017eitkovat na n\u011bkter\u00e9 jeho specifick\u00e9 druhy pro obalov\u00fd materi\u00e1l, toaletn\u00ed pap\u00edr apod. D\u0159evit\u00e1 vl\u00e1knina se p\u0159ipravuje bu\u010f chemickou cestou, mechanick\u00fdm obru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm, anebo kombinac\u00ed obou zp\u016fsob\u016f. Na\u0159ezan\u00e9 kl\u00e1dy strom\u016f putuj\u00ed na p\u00e1su sm\u011brem k brusn\u00e9mu n\u00e1stroji (kameni), kter\u00fd je postupn\u011b obru\u0161uje na jemn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dky vl\u00e1kniny, a ta se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech nav\u00edc vystavuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed chemik\u00e1li\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edprava celul\u00f3zy je pak rychlej\u0161\u00ed a jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se k tomu sm\u011bs dvacetiprocentn\u00edho roztoku si\u0159i\u010ditanu sodn\u00e9ho a p\u011btiprocentn\u00edho uhli\u010ditanu sodn\u00e9ho. Takto se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm tzv. polobuni\u010dina z listnat\u00fdch strom\u016f.  \u010cist\u011b chemick\u00fd zp\u016fsob spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v probubl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evit\u00fdch \u0161t\u011bpk\u016f v chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1zni bu\u010f v roztoku si\u0159i\u010ditanu v\u00e1penat\u00e9ho a kyseliny si\u0159i\u010dit\u00e9, nebo v l\u00e1zni s roztokem louhu (hydroxidu) sodn\u00e9ho a sulfidu sodn\u00e9ho.  Zat\u00edmco \u010dist\u011b mechanick\u00e9 obru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1kniny slou\u017e\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu pap\u00edrov\u00e9ho kartonu, balic\u00edho pap\u00edru a lepenky, chemick\u00fd a kombinovan\u00fd zp\u016fsob se ji\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro v\u00fdrobu kvalitn\u00edho nap\u0159. kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pap\u00edru. Celul\u00f3za z recyklovan\u00e9ho pap\u00edru (star\u00e9 noviny apod.) je sice zbavena barev a ne\u010distot, ale nikdy nen\u00ed \u010dist\u011b b\u00edl\u00e1, proto se d\u00e1 recyklovan\u00fd pap\u00edr vyu\u017e\u00edt jen pro v\u00fdrobu balic\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, nebo novinov\u00e9ho pap\u00edru. A\u017e si r\u00e1no budete \u010d\u00edst noviny, vzpome\u0148te si t\u0159eba na jiho\u010deskou pap\u00edrnu u \u010cesk\u00e9ho Krumlova, odkud zpracovan\u00fd recykl\u00e1t m\u016f\u017ee poch\u00e1zet.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.5\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva na v\u00fdrobu pap\u00edru","item":"https:\/\/www.mecops.cz\/zpracovani-dreva-na-vyrobu-papiru\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]